华为路由器单臂路由实例

需求:在局域网中,通过交换机上配置VLAN可以减少主机通信广播域的范围,当VLAN之间有部分主机需要通信,但交换机不支持三层交换时,可以采用一台支持802.1Q的路由器实现VLAN的互通。这需要在以太口上建立子接口,分配IP地址作为该VLAN的网关,同时启动802.1Q组网:路由器E0端口与交换机的上行trunk端口(第24端口)相连,交换机下行口划分3个VLAN,带若干主机.1.路由器的配置[Router][Router]inter e0[Router-Ethernet0]ip add 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0[Router-Ethernet0]inter e0.1 //定义子接口E0.1[Router-Ethernet0.1]ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0[Router-Ethernet0.1]vlan-type dot1q vid 1 //指定以太网子接口属于VLAN1,此命令应用在以太网子接口上。只有配置了该命令之后，以太网子接口才会根据配置的VLAN ID 号在以太网帧头中嵌入VLAN 标签，与该网口相连的交换机接口才能正确处理接收到的帧。[Router-Ethernet0.1]inter e0.2 //定义子接口E0.2[Router-Ethernet0.2]ip add 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0[Router-Ethernet0.2]vlan-type dot1q vid 2 //指定以太网子接口属于VLAN2[Router-Ethernet0.2]inter e0.3 //定义子接口E0.3[Router-Ethernet0.3]ip add 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0[Router-Ethernet0.3]vlan-type dot1q vid 3 //指定以太网子接口属于VLAN3[Router-Ethernet0.3]inter e0[Router-Ethernet0]undo shut% Interface Ethernet0 is up[Router-Ethernet0] //用网线将E0端口连到S3026第24端口%19:46:32: Interface Ethernet0 changed state to UP%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0, changed state to UP%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.1, changed state to UP%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.2, changed state to UP%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.3, changed state to UP2.交换机的配置sysEnter system view , return user view with Ctrl+Z.[Quidway]vlan 1[Quidway-vlan1]vlan 2[Quidway-vlan2]port ethernet 0/17 to eth 0/19 eth 0/22 //将第17至19端口，和第22端口加入VLAN2[Quidway-vlan2]vlan 3[Quidway-vlan3]port eth 0/21 //将第21端口加入VLAN2[Quidway-vlan3]inter e0/24[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]port link-type trunk //将第24端口设为trunk口[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]port trunk permit vlan all//允许所有VLAN流量通过Please wait……………………………………. Done.[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis port trunk //检验TRUNK口配置Now, the following trunking ports exist:Ethernet0/24[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis vlan 2　//检验VLAN2的配置VLAN ID: 2VLAN Type: staticRoute Interface: not configuredDescription: VLAN 0002Tagged Ports:Ethernet0/24Untagged Ports:Ethernet0/17 Ethernet0/18 Ethernet0/19 Ethernet0/22[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis vlan 3　//检验VLAN3的配置VLAN ID: 3VLAN Type: staticRoute Interface: not configuredDescription: VLAN 0003Tagged Ports:Ethernet0/24Untagged Ports:Ethernet0/213.在工作站上检查网络是否连通。此工作站连接S3026第21端口，属于VLAN2。C:Documents and SettingsAdministrator>ipconfigWindows 2000 IP ConfigurationEthernet adapter 本地连接:Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.2.22Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.2.1C:Documents and SettingsAdministrator>ping 172.16.3.1Pinging 172.16.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255Ping statistics for 172.16.3.1:Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms4.在路由器上查看路由表。可以发现，由于172.16各网段都是直连路由，故不需启用路由协议或静态路由即能实现VLAN之间的通讯。[Router]display ip routing-tableRouting Tables:Destination/Mask Proto Pref Metric Nexthop Interface10.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 10.0.0.1 Ethernet010.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0172.16.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.1.1 Ethernet0.1172.16.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0172.16.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.2.1 Ethernet0.2172.16.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0172.16.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.3.1 Ethernet0.3172.16.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0